Thomas f



(No Model.)

T. P. MARTIN.

GAS MAKING APPARATUS.

5 m m MW m f M m m ,W m TE P a M THOMAS F. MARTIN, OF NEVBURG,

AND JOHN o. ADAMS, OF SAME NEW YORK, N. Y.

ATENT FFICE.

NE? YORK, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF PLACE, AND M. S. FROST & SON, OF

GAS-MAKING APPARATUS.

QPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 320,078, dated June 16,1885.

(No model.)

To (LZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, THoMAs F. MARTIN, of Newburg, in the county ofOrange and State New York, have invented an Improvement in Gas-M akingApparatus, of which the following is a specification. I

Gas-making apparatus has before been constructed in which steam ispassed into a retort containing incandescent fuel, so that said steam isdecomposed and the resulting gases pass into a superheater together withvaporized petroleum and the hydrogen of the steam and the olefiant gasof the petroleum are mixed and combined. In this character of gas-makingapparatusthe petroleum is liable to form lamp-black in consequence ofthe excessive heat to which it is exposed, and the bed of incandescentfuel upon which such petroleum runs is chilled and requires to bereheated at frequent intervals.

The object of my improvement is to avoid the formation of lamp-black andto conserve the heat of the incandescent bed of fuel by relieving it ofthe work of vaporizing other hydrocarbon, and vaporizing it at anotherpoint and in another manner, as hereinafter set forth. I also constructthe superheater with a bridge-wall between the body of the superheaterand the escape flue or chimney so that when the apparatus is beingheated up the heat will be retained and act to better advantage than inthe superheater as heretofore made, and I provide within the casing thatincloses the superheater a descendingfiue to connect the horizontal flueof the gen erator with the bottom of the superheater, and thereby retainthe heat in the descendingfiue, so that it aids in elevating thetemperature of the superheater.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical section of the apparatus, andFig. 2 is a sectional plan view at the line a: m.

The generator A is made with a fire-brick lining inside a metalliccasing, as usual, and there is a grate, a, upon which is supported thefuel.

B is a removable cover at which fuel can be inserted as required fromtime to time.

0 is an air-pipe through which air passes from a suitable blowingapparatus.

0 is a branch air-pipe having valve 0", by which air is supplied whenrequired beneath the grate a, and passing up through the bed ofincandescent fuel augments the heat thereof as in other gas-makingapparatus of this general character.

I) is a case lined with fire-brick and having across it a partition, E,which separates the descending-flue F from the portion G of thesuperheater, which contains fire-brick or oth er refractory material, orpieces of fire-brick or other refractory material, piled up in such amanner as to allow the products of combustion or gas to pass through thesame.

K is a casing connecting the generator A and the superheater D. Thisalso is lined with fire-brick, and there is a horizontal flue, L,connecting the upper part of the generator A with the descending flue F,and within this flue L is an inclined table, M, the lower end of whichis central with the middle of the flue F. Petroleum or other suitablehydrocarbon liquid is supplied into one or more of the pipes 0 from asuitable reservoir, the quantity being regulated by a cock, and saidpetroleum flows upon the inclined table M, and is vaporized by the heatthereof, and the vapors descend through the flue F along with thehydrogen and other gases from the generator A. These gases com minglingand being fixed by the heat of the superheater pass off by the pipe P toany suitable holder. 1 place a false bottom, Q, in the lower part of thesuperheater below the flue F and fire-brick G. This false bottom becomeshighly heated when the superheater is being heated up, as hereinafterdescribed, and should there be any petroleum running off the inclinedtable M and not perfectly vaporized, the same falls through the line Fupon this false bottom Q, and is there converted into vapor. I find itsometimes advantageous to allow a jet of steam to pass from the pipe Rby the cock B into an annular chamber, R around the up per part of thegenerator, so that the highlyheated steam comes into contact with thepetroleum and aids in vaporizing the same. I convey steam from the pipeR by the pipe and cook R to an annular chamber, S, around in the wall ofthe generator, and from the chaml her S a flue, S, leads to the verticaltubes S adjacent to the flue F, so that the steam becomes highly heatedby its proximity-tor the fines L and F, and from this flue Sthetsuperheated steam passes by the pipe S to the base of the generator,and ascending through the incandescent fuel is decomposed, and theresulting gases enter the fines L and F, as before mentioned. Abovethepartition-wall E" is'a bridge-wall, E and the base of the chimney orascending-flue T passes through the case D, at some distance below thebridge-wall E T is a damper at the upper end of the flue T and withinthechimney, the same being op erated by a lever, T, as usual.

When the gas-making operation is suspended, and the apparatus is to beheated up, the chimney-valve T is opened, the supply of petroleum shutoff, and thevalve O is openedto admit atmospheric air below the grate A:The heat of theincandescent fuel is thus augmented and the products ofcombustion pass of by the fines LF and through the superheatingfirebrick G. Atmosphere is admittediat the base of the snperheater bythe branch pipeO and valve 0', so that carbonic oxide passing offfromlthe fluel is consumed and the tempera. ture of the superheaterincreased, The pro ducts of combustion cannot" escape from thesuper-heater until they pass over thebridgewall E and descend. to thebase ofthe flue T; hence there is a plenum maintained in the,superheater whichinsures the heating of the fire-brick by the flame andhot gases passing through the same.

It is sometimes advantageous to admit atmosphere at the pipe V, abovethe inclined table M, when the apparatus is being heated up. For thispurpose I employ the-branch air-v pipe V- and cockmV Man-holes W and \Vare to be applied to the superheater D, as usual.

I claim as my invention- 1. The combination, in a gasfmaking apparatus,withthe generator and superheater, of a flue, L, passing from one to theother, an inclined table, M, within said flue, and a pipe by whichpetroleum is supplied upon this table M, substantially asvspecified.

2. The eo1nbination,with the generator and superheater, of the flue L,passing from one to the other, the table M in the upper part of saidflue,the petroleum-supply pipe at O, the steampipe and valve R R, andthe annular chamber R around the upper part of the generator,'throughwhich steam passes to the space above the petroleum-supplytable, substantially as specified.

3. The combination, in a superheater, of a case, alining of fire-brick,abridge-wall, E in the upper part, a descending-flue, and alateralopeningto'the base-of the chimney below the bridge-wall,for the purposesand as set forth;

4. The combination,with the generator and table M, for the specifiedpetroleum, substantially as THOS. F. MARTIN;

Witnesses:

JOHN O. ADAMS, ,EDWARD I. FROST.

ing-flueF, the false bottom Q,-and the inclined Signed by me. this 2dday of march, A.v D.-

